Feed mitigation is a hot topic in the United States these days, partly because of African Swine Fever. One of the tools available in the US for feed mitigation is formaldehyde, pig nutrition technology expert Dr Casey Bradley writes. The application does come with drawbacks too, she explains.
减少饲料风险是美国最近的一个热门话题，部分是由于非洲猪瘟。猪营养技术专家Casey Bradley博士写道，在美国，饲料保鲜的一个办法是添加甲醛。她解释说，这种应用也有缺点。
Here in the USA the constant headlines for the swine industry and agriculture in general are all focused on African Swine Fever (ASF) and trade wars. The continued efforts of preparation and science around ASF is done in good faith, but combining that with discussions of trade wars with China, leaves the industry in fear and chaos. There is no part of the industry that has gone untouched by these persistent threats.
美国养猪业和农业的头条新闻都集中在非洲猪瘟(ASF)和贸易战上。围绕ASF所做的准备工作和科学研究初衷是好的，但将其贸易战结合起来，却让养猪业陷入恐慌。整个行业都受到了这些持续不断的威胁。
Concurrently, over the past few months, I have been working with a coach on my personal mindset. It has been quite enlightening and the shackles of fear have been broken. My dreams have turned into achievable plans. I have researched, journaled and taken a leap of faith into the turbulent ocean.
在过去的几个月里，我一直在和一位教练一起锻炼个人心态。这是很有启发性的，恐惧的枷锁已经被打破。我的想法变成了可以实现的计划。我做过研究，写过日志，并在汹涌的大海中信心百倍。
Turbulence around feed mitigation
饲料保鲜引发的动荡
The turbulence in the swine nutrition world around ASF is all centered around feed mitigation, storage times, banned suppliers, etc. All that could have potential negative consequences on the performance and well-being of the pigs themselves.
围绕ASF的养猪业的动荡都集中在饲料保鲜、储存时间、被禁供应商等方面。所有这些都可能对猪的性能表现和健康产生负面影响。
I have worked with enzymes for over 5 years now, and I know how they can be destroyed in a pellet mill and ultimately cause negative repercussions found in the barn. If you consider storage times, water-soluble vitamins can degrade up to 30% of original concentrations when stored in vitamin trace mineral premixes for 3 months. I am no stranger to investigating vitamin and mineral deficiencies in the field, even though I wish the only images in my memory were from textbooks.
我从事酶的研究已经5年多了，我知道饲料制粒机如何摧毁酶活性，最终在谷仓中产生负面影响。如果考虑到储存时间，把水溶性维生素储存在维生素微量矿物质预混液中3个月，维生素的降解率可高达原浓度的30%。我对研究这一领域的维生素和矿物质缺乏并不陌生，尽管我希望只在教科书中看过这些画面。
The use of formaldehyde in feed
甲醛在饲料中的应用
Regarding feed mitigation, formaldehyde is approved in the USA for Salmonella control and overall bacterial reduction in animal feed. However, it has the potential to bind proteins in the diet and thus negatively impact performance in swine.
为了保鲜饲料，甲醛在美国被批准用于控制沙门氏菌和减少动物饲料中的细菌。然而，甲醛有可能与饲料中的蛋白质结合，从而对猪的性能产生负面影响。
Formaldehyde is approved in the use in the US for feed mitigation purposes. Photo: 123RF
甲醛在美国被批准用于饲料保鲜。图：123RF
Recent work from Kansas State University (Williams and others, 2018) suggests the negative impacts of performance also go beyond protein binding aspects of formaldehyde by negatively impacting the microbiome of the animal. Thus, a feed additive used in good faith has potential to hurt growth performance and ultimately profitability.
堪萨斯州立大学(Williams等人, 2018年)近期研究表明，甲醛对生产性能的负面影响不仅限于与蛋白质结合，还会对猪的微生物群产生负面影响。因此，虽然出发点是好的，但这种饲料添加剂却有可能损害生长性能和最终盈利能力。
Other options under investigation for feed mitigation include organic acids, medium chain fatty acids, essential oils, etc. Many of these additives can act both as a preservative of the feeds and/or have the potential to optimise growth performance and feed efficiency. Even though none of these are approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for viral or pathogen control, a majority have the potential to increase the level of protection and possibly add to the producer’s bottom line. Although current research is showing opportunities for feed mitigation, the industry will still face regulatory hurdles.
其他可以降低饲料风险的选择包括有机酸、中链脂肪酸、精油等。这些添加剂中有许多既可以作为饲料的防腐剂，也可以/或具有优化生长性能和饲料效率的潜力。尽管这些都没有得到美国食品和药物管理局(FDA)的批准用于控制病毒或病原体，但大多数都有可能提高保护水平，并可能增加生产商的利润。尽管目前的研究显示了保鲜饲料的可能，添加剂行业仍将面临监管障碍。
Research and preparation is needed
更多研究和准备工作
Time will tell if producers will break the shackles that bind them and opt to thrive in an opportunistic market. But ultimately to prevent fear, research and preparation is needed. Long term mitigation needs to be thought out from harvest to fork for all pathogens.
时间会告诉我们，生产商是否会打破束缚他们的枷锁，在市场中繁荣发展。但为了防止恐惧，研究和准备是必要的。从农场到餐桌，如何减少病原体，需要采取长期措施。
Do you have the correct mindset to lead your swine production system or business to success or succumb to fear and chaos? And don’t forget if you need someone to coach you through this, I am just an e-mail or phone call away, as your success is my success.
你是否有正确的心态去引导养猪生产系统或企业走向成功，或是屈服于恐惧和混乱?记住了，如果你需要指导，只需要一封电子邮件或一个电话就能联系到我，你的成功就是我的成功。
原文链接
（文/爱猪网记者刘坤颖编译，爱猪网原创，转载请注明出处）
