Photo by Andrea Gantz
图：Andrea Gantz
It’s been nearly a year since the beginning of China’s African swine fever (ASF) outbreak. Since, the pathogen has spread throughout Asia and several European countries, with mixed reports of its containment and with distant prospects for a vaccine.
自中国爆发非洲猪瘟（ASF）以来，已经过去了将近一年时间。从那之后，非瘟病毒已蔓延至亚洲以及几个欧洲国家，有关其遏制状况的报道有好有坏，疫苗的前景也很遥远。
To combat its spread to the Americas, enhanced biosecurity measures have been set in place at its borders, namely airports, to control ASF’s introduction via illegally imported meats and to track the exposure risks of travelers.
为了防止ASF扩散到美洲，其边境地区，即机场，加强了生物安全措施，以控制ASF通过非法进口肉类进入境内，并跟踪旅客的接触风险。
In the opinion of Scott Dee, Pipestone Veterinary Services’ director of research, who is one of the leading ASF researchers, the scrutiny of feed ingredients is the third critical preventive measure.
Pipestone Veterinary Services的研究主管Scott Dee是非瘟的主要研究人员之一，他认为，检查饲料成分是第三项重要的预防措施。
“All the data shows that soy-based products are the highest risk for ASF,” he says, noting that ASF is highly stable and capable of surviving across oceans, time and inadequate heat treatment. Dee recommends sourcing any soy products locally or from countries not impacted by the disease.
他说:“所有数据都表明，非瘟的最高风险来自于大豆制品。”他指出，非瘟病毒非常稳定，能够跨越海洋、时间和热处理不足而存活下来。他建议从本地或不受该病影响的国家采购大豆产品。
He believes micro ingredients pose a much lower risk due to quality control and processing.
他认为，由于质量控制和加工工艺，微量成分构成的风险要低得多。
Feed additive solutions
饲料添加剂解决方案
Beyond prevention, Dee and his team have been examining feed additives solutions with acidification and antimicrobial properties to mitigate and combat the effects of ASF.
除了预防之外，Dee和他的团队一直在研究具有酸化和抗菌特性的饲料添加剂，以减轻和对抗非瘟带来的影响。
Studying several feed additives mitigants on biosafety level 2 (BSL-2) viruses, such as porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS), porcine epidemic diarrhea (PED) virus and Senecavirus A, versus a positive control of untreated feed, Dee has found very promising results.
通过对猪繁殖与呼吸综合征(PRRS)、猪流行性腹泻病毒(PED)和赛尼卡病毒A等多种生物安全二级（BSL-2）病毒的饲料添加剂的研究，与未处理饲料的阳性对照组相比，Dee发现结果非常有希望。
“The mitigants have been very effective in reducing all three of these viruses in the feed — reducing clinical signs and keeping good performance in the face of disease challenges,” he says, noting that research cannot be conducted on ASF directly because it is classified as a BSL-3 pathogen.
他说:“这些缓解剂在减少饲料中所有这三种病毒方面非常有效——减少临床症状，并在面对疾病挑战时保持良好的表现。”他指出，由于非瘟病毒归类为身故完全三级（BSL-3）病原体，因此不能直接对其进行研究。
Dee has been working with products from Kemin, Novus, ADM, Anitox and Purina.
Dee研究的产品来自建明（Kemin）、诺伟司（Novus）、ADM、Anitox和普瑞纳（Purina）。
While there are differences in price and application, all appear to be effective, he says.
他说，尽管各产品的价格及应用各不相同，但似乎都是有效的。
“Our goal was to create a list of mitigants tested under equal conditions to show if they are effective or now,” Dee reports. “Then, the producer can pick and choose which program works for them.”
Dee报告称:“我们的目标是创建一个在同等条件下测试的缓解剂列表，以证明它们是有效的，还是现在就有效”，“然后，生产者可以从中挑选适合自身的项目。”
Will ASF spread?
非瘟会传播到北美吗？
I asked Dee: “True or false: It’s not a matter of if, but when ASF will reach North America?”
我问Dee：“判断题：这不是如果的问题，而是非瘟何时会进入北美？”
“It will be true if we don’t change some things, but false if we continue to improve our biosecurity at a national level,” he says. “There’s enough science to help us reduce that risk significantly.”
“如果我们不做一些改变，答案是‘对’；但如果我们继续在国家层面提高生物安全，这是‘错的’。现在有足够的科学知识来帮助我们显著降低这种风险”。
原文链接
文章来源：WATTAgNet
作者：JACKIE ROEMBKE
（文/爱猪网记者刘坤颖编译，爱猪网原创，转载请注明出处）
