A new preliminary study in Canada examines how technology used in hospitals can boost protocol compliance rates on swine and poultry farms.
加拿大一项新的初步研究探讨了医院使用的技术如何提高猪和家禽养殖场的协议合规率。
No matter the type of farm, or generally where it’s located around the world, compliance with biosecurity protocols needs improvement. Yes, it is boosted upward at the time of an outbreak, but inevitably it drops down again.
无论是什么类型的农场，或者位于世界何地，对生物安全协议的遵守都需要改进。的确，在疫情爆发时，它会上升，但不可避免地会再次下降。
Compliance is complex, noted Dr Manon Racicot, a veterinary epidemiologist at the Canadian Food Inspection Agency and an adjunct professor in the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine at the University of Montréal in Quebec, Canada, who has conducted several biosecurity studies with Dr Jean-Pierre Vaillancourt, professor in the university’s ‘Research Group on the Epidemiology of Zoonoses and Public Health.’
加拿大食品检验局兽医流行病学家，加拿大魁北克省蒙特利尔大学兽医学院兼职教授Manon Racicot博士表示，合规性很复杂，他与该大学的“人畜共患病和公共卫生流行病学研究小组”教授Jean-Pierre Vaillancourt博士进行了多项生物安全研究。
In the trial at the University of Montreal, Canada, RFID tags are being placed in boots. Photo: Manon Racicot
在加拿大蒙特利尔大学的试验中，RFID标签被放置在靴子中。 照片：Manon Racicot
Watching a great deal of farm footage
查看大量农场视频
Compliance is boosted to some extent by holding regular on-farm training and review meetings, and if the information is presented as important. The use of cameras can help in some instances, but Dr Racicot noted that even in situations where workers accepted them (and they used not to punish, but to reward), it’s not feasible because a manager would have to carefully watch a great deal of footage.
在一定程度上，通过定期举行现场培训和评审会议，以及判断是否指出了信息的重要性，可以提高合规性。在某些情况下，使用摄像机是有帮助的，但是Racicot博士指出，即使在工人接受摄像机的情况下(使用摄像机不是为了惩罚，而是为了奖励)，这也是不可行的，因为经理必须仔细查看大量的镜头。
Providing adequate resources (adequate hand sanitiser, etc.) is also important in achieving biosecurity protocol compliance on farm. It is also aided by signs and other reminders, but they lose effect over time.
提供足够的资源(足够的洗手液等)对于实现农场生物安全协议的合规性也很重要。标语标志的使用也提供了帮助，但随着时间的推移，它们会失去效果。
Instantaneous feedback using RFID
使用高频识别技术（RFID）获取即时反馈
The lack of an effective solution is why Racicot is studying the application of instantaneous feedback, which has been shown to be a powerful compliance tool in many settings. She recently had an RFID tag system (similar to that which is being used to monitor healthcare workers in hospitals, tracking whether they visit hand-washing stations) in a barn in Quebec. So far, it’s only been a preliminary test to see how the system would work, and also how the workers feel about it (are the beeps annoying? did they feel they were under undue scrutiny?); testing on how it can be used to boost compliance will come later.
由于缺乏有效的解决方案，Racicot正在研究即时反馈的应用，在许多情况中，即时反馈已被证明是一个强大的遵从性工具。她最近在魁北克的一个谷仓里安装了一个RFID标签系统(类似于用于监测医院的医护人员，跟踪他们是否去过洗手站)。到目前为止，这只是一个初步的测试，以了解该系统将如何工作，以及工人们对此的感受(嘟嘟声烦人吗?)他们是否觉得自己受到了不适当的审视?稍后将对如何使用它来提高遵从性进行测试。
(Dr Racicot wanted a barn with many employees and happened to choose a layer barn with about 8 workers, but the principals are obviously the same not matter what type of livestock.)
(Racicot博士想要一个有很多员工的谷仓，碰巧选择了一个有8名员工的蛋鸡谷仓，但很明显，不管哪种牲畜，原则都是一样的。)
RFID tags were placed in the personal shoes of workers, shoes they agreed to wear en route to the farm every shift during the 2-week study. Tags were also placed in farm boots. If personal shoes entered the ‘clean zone’ in the barn entry area, the system provided instant feedback by beeping (protocols were not being followed). In addition, if the hand sanitiser dispenser was not used, the system also provided a beep.
RFID标签放置于工人自己的鞋子里，在为期两周的研究中，工人们同意每天在去农场的路上穿这双鞋子。标签也放在农场的靴子里。如果个人鞋子进入谷仓入口区域的“清洁区”，系统会发出蜂鸣声，提供即时反馈(没有遵守协议)。此外，如果没有使用洗手液分配器，系统也会发出蜂鸣声。
Feedback and wrong behaviour on farms
反馈及错误行为
The system worked well and more studies will follow. Reflecting on where things will go, Dr Racicot said, “Research shows that you should get feedback as close as possible to the wrong behaviour, and that’s what this provides, but there is also value in feedback reports in terms of motivation.
该系统运行良好，后续将进行更多的研究。考虑到事情的发展方向，Racicot博士说:“研究表明，你应该得到尽可能接近错误行为的反馈，这就是它所提供的，但就动机而言，反馈报告也有价值。”
She added, “There is a programme in France where hospital workers with RFID tags in their shoes received reports by text messages about their weekly performance with using sanitiser in each room they entered. The reports include comparisons with performance over previous weeks and with performance of colleagues. So, I’d like to investigate whether instantaneous beeps or weekly reports work best, or both. There are no studies on this.”
她补充说:“在法国有一个项目，医院工作人员的鞋子上有RFID标签，他们通过短信收到报告，报告他们每周在每个房间使用消毒剂的表现。这些报告包括与前几周成绩以及同事业绩的比较。所以，我想研究一下即时提醒或每周报告哪个效果最好，还是两者兼而有之。目前还没有这方面的研究。”
Instant feedback might be useful
即时反馈可能很有用
Dr Racicot said, “We know there is a lot of staff turnover on farms. So instant feedback might be useful, but if there is no tracking which could lead to rewards and also if we are not motivated through our performance being compared with previous weeks and other workers, it’s not going to help. From a social science perspective, it’s well established that peer comparison works and incentives work.”
Racicot博士说：“我们知道农场的员工流失率很高所以即时的反馈可能是有用的，但是如果没有能够带来回报，而且如果我们不能通过与前几周和其他员工的业绩对比来激励自己，那就没有帮助了。从社会科学的角度来看，同伴比较和激励机制是有效的。”
Dr Racicot would also like to use the ‘beep’ system to evaluate training programmes. “Right now, we have no idea if training works or not or if some programmes are better than others,” she said. “We would do a baseline test, then do the training programme, and then test again.”
Racicot博士还希望使用“蜂鸣声”系统来评估培训计划。她表示:“目前，我们不知道培训是否有效，也不知道一些项目是否比其他项目更好。”“我们会做一个基线测试，然后进行培训计划，最后再进行测试。”
原文链接
https://www.pigprogress.net/Health/Articles/2019/4/Immediate-beep-if-pig-farm-biosecurity-is-ignored-415772E/
来源：Pig Progress
作者：Treena Hein
（文/爱猪网记者刘坤颖编译，爱猪网原创，转载请注明出处）
