看国外 | 利用肉类检验数据提升生猪福利(下)

看国外 2019-01-25 10:39:09

来源:Pig Progress

• 上篇文章提到,肉类检验数据以及对经济上具有重要意义的生产性状的遗传选择可用于提高动物福利。本文将接着讲相关实验结果。

Differences between sexes

不同性别间的差异

The researchers found that the effects of sex were significantfor all traits except pneumonia. The joint disorders were found to be highest in males, followed by castrates and females.

研究人员发现,除了肺炎,性别对所有性状的影响都是显著的。研究发现,公猪中关节疾病的发生率最高,其次是阉割公猪和母猪。

Slaughter remarks and growth

屠宰数据与生长状况

The results show that fast growing pigs have fewer incidences of the diseases, therefore leading to less pain and discomfort to the animals. However, results also suggest that the relationship between growth rate and joint disorders is more dependent on farm management.

Farms with better management and higher average growth rate could actually have lower incidences of joint disorders. About 42% of the pigs were from ‘Farm L’, that had lower growth rate and highest incidence of joint disorders; this might have contributed to the unexpected association of growth rate and joint disorders.

研究结果表明,生长速度较快的生猪,患病几率较小,因此遭受的痛苦也较少。不过,研究结果也显示,生长率与关节疾病间的联系,更多取决于猪场管理情况。管理较好、猪生长速度较快的猪场,生猪患关节疾病的几率更低。试验中,约42%的生猪来自于“猪场L”,该场生猪生长速度较慢,患病几率较高,这也许已经证明了生长率与关节疾病之间的意外关联。

20161014015146663.jpg

(注:图片与文章内容无关)

Estimates of heritability

遗传率预估值

The heritability estimates for pneumonia, pleuritis, pericarditis, liver lesions and joint disorders were 0.10, 0.09, 0.14, 0.24, and 0.17, respectively, the researchers wrote. These estimates were considered positive and could therefore be used to bring some improvement in animal welfare, according to the authors.

研究人员写道,肺炎、胸膜炎、心包炎、肝损伤和关节疾病的遗传率分别为0.10、0.09、0.14、0.24和0.17。据作者称,这些预估值属于正干涉,因此可以用来提高动物福利。

Genetic correlations with production traits

生产性状的遗传相关性

The research team also made estimates of genetic correlations with different production traits and carcass quality. Most of the correlations were low; in general, these correlations are not expected to be very high as they reflect lesions observed at slaughter mainly due to diseases that are more chronic in nature.

研究团队同时也对不同生产性状和胴体质量的基因相关性进行了评估。大多数相关性很低,总体而言,一般来说,这些相关性不会很高,因为它们反映的是屠宰时观察到的损伤,主要是由于更慢性的疾病造成的。

Nevertheless, these lesions are indicative of long term pain and suffering, therefore indicating poor animal welfare, the researchers wrote. The correlations were as expected for pneumonia, pleuritis and pericarditis, but, unexpected for liver lesions. The correlation between growth and overall slaughter remarks was negative, suggesting pigs with faster growth tend to have lower risks associated with these indicators of suboptimal health and welfare.

研究人员还写道,这些损伤反映了长期遭受的痛苦和折磨,因此也表明动物福利不佳。肺炎、胸膜炎和心包炎的相关性与预期一致,但肝脏病变的相关性则出乎意料。生长率与整体屠宰数据之间的相关性为负,这表明生长速度较快的猪与这些健康和福利不佳指标相关的风险较低。

Creation of a selection index

创建遗传选择指数

The results obtained in the study suggest the existence of genetic variation for slaughter remarks and opportunities to reduce their prevalence through genetic selection. As a result, the team developed a selection index for identification of genetically superior boars whose progeny are expected to have a lower risk of unfavourable slaughter remarks. 

The index was calculated as sum of product of the breeding values with their respective economic weights. The economic values for the slaughter remarks were based on and adapted to the incidences of the slaughter remarks and current prices. This index is used to identify boars that can be used by producers to enhance animal welfare in their pig farms.

该研究得出结果表明,屠宰数据存在遗传变异,并可能通过遗传选择降低其患病率。 因此,该团队制定了一个遗传选择指数,用于识别具有遗传优势的公猪,预计其后代不利于屠宰数据的风险较低。该指数为育种值与其各自经济权重的乘积之和。屠宰数据的经济价值是基于并适应屠宰数据和当前价格的发生率。该指数可帮助生产者识别可以增强其猪场动物福利的公猪。

The welfare index allows routine genetic evaluations and selection of pigs to reduce the risk of unfavourable slaughter remarks. This is also an example of cooperation along the pork value chain, as efforts from value chain partners is required to enhance animal welfare.

福利指数允许对猪进行常规的基因评估和选择,以降低不利屠宰数据出现的风险。这也是猪肉价值链合作的一个例子,需要价值链合作伙伴的努力来提高动物福利。

【相关链接】

>>> 看国外 | 利用肉类检验数据提高生猪福利(上)

(文/爱猪网记者刘坤颖编译,爱猪网原创,转载请注明出处!)


    热门文章

    推荐阅读

关闭
关闭